Air conditioning heat pump system

Table of contents
The emergence of heat pump air conditioners
Heat pump air conditioning principle

The emergence of heat pump air conditioners

With the acceleration of the trend of automobile electrification, electric vehicles have gradually entered thousands of households. Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, electric vehicles do have disadvantages such as low mileage, low charging efficiency, high price, and frequent safety accidents.

A series of issues, such as when electric vehicles can be popularized depends on the final vote of the masses, but the new technology brought about by electric vehicles is indeed worthy of attention, and heat pump air-conditioning technology is a topic that has been widely discussed in recent years.

The so-called heat pump air conditioner refers to the transfer of heat from the low-temperature air to the high-temperature air in the car. According to the law of heat transfer, heat must be transferred from high temperature to low temperature, just like water flows from high to low in its natural state.

If you want to lead water from a low place to a high place, you need a water pump, and you need a “pump” to transfer the heat in the low-temperature air to a high-temperature place. This is why the electric vehicle heating system is called a heat pump air conditioner… …

The use of heat pump air conditioners must be because the outside air temperature is lower than the temperature inside the car, and the space inside the car needs to be heated. Therefore, the key to the heat pump air conditioner is how to absorb the heat of the low-temperature air and transfer it to the car to form warm air.

In terms of the composition of the heat pump air conditioning system, it mainly includes electric compressors, accumulators, internal condensers (heat exchangers), expansion valves, and external condensers.

Heat pump air conditioning principle

The principle of “pump”, is divided into two steps: exothermic and endothermic. After passing through the electric compressor, the high-temperature, and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant will become a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant after passing through the internal condenser. During this process, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air in the car to form warm air, which is an exothermic process.

The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant passing through the internal condenser will become a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant after passing through the expansion valve. Due to the volume expansion, it will absorb heat. At this time, the heat in the low-temperature air can be “stored” in the refrigerant, which is an endothermic process.

Afterward, the electric compressor compresses and the heat exchange of the internal condenser uses this part of the absorbed heat to heat the air in the car, and the cycle reciprocates. The figure below introduces the principle of heat transfer during the phase change of refrigerant.

The key to heat pump technology is to realize the absorption and release of heat through the transformation of the refrigerant phase. Coupled with the combination with the refrigeration system, or even the combination with the power battery cooling system, the technical difficulties will increase a lot, and the cost will increase a lot. For traditional fuel vehicles, heating is achieved by using waste heat from the engine, so there is no need to use heat pump air conditioning technology.

However, compared with the PTC electric heating of electric vehicles, although the heating efficiency is lower, the demand for electric energy is reduced, which can increase the cruising range to a certain extent. Therefore, for new energy vehicles, the application prospect of heat pump technology is very promising. broad.

However, the use of heat pump air conditioners does not mean that the mileage of electric vehicles in winter can be greatly improved. For extremely cold conditions (below -30°C), the heat pump air conditioner is a bit helpless. After all, it is easy to pump water from the well to the ground. It is whimsical to pump water to the top of the Himalayas…

For the use environment above -15°C, the working efficiency of the heat pump air conditioner can meet most of the needs, and the advantages are obvious. Compared with PTC heating, it can effectively improve the battery life of electric vehicles.

Written by: FUJIREJA GROUP
The Exporter and Manufacturer of Heaters since 2003
Welcome OEM ODM

Best Heating